macOS 命令速查

安装 Homebrew

新机第一件事。官方安装脚本会自行处理 Command Line Tools 依赖。

/bin/bash -c "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/HEAD/install.sh)"

Apple Silicon 上 Homebrew 装在 /opt/homebrew，需要把它写进当前 shell 的环境：

echo 'eval "$(/opt/homebrew/bin/brew shellenv)"' >> ~/.zprofile
eval "$(/opt/homebrew/bin/brew shellenv)"

用 Brewfile 批量装机

把已装的东西导出成清单，换机时一条命令还原，比逐个 brew install 可靠得多。

# Export what is currently installed
brew bundle dump --describe --force --file=~/Brewfile

# Restore on a new machine
brew bundle install --file=~/Brewfile

# Remove anything not listed in the Brewfile
brew bundle cleanup --force --file=~/Brewfile

生成 SSH 密钥

默认用 ed25519，比 RSA 更短也更快。注释里写清楚这把钥匙属于哪台机器。

ssh-keygen -t ed25519 -C "laptop-$(date +%Y%m)" -f ~/.ssh/id_ed25519

# Load it into the agent and the macOS keychain
ssh-add --apple-use-keychain ~/.ssh/id_ed25519

# Copy the public key to the clipboard
pbcopy < ~/.ssh/id_ed25519.pub

查端口占用

启动开发服务器之前先确认端口是空的。

# Who is listening on port 4321
lsof -nP -iTCP:4321 -sTCP:LISTEN

# Kill it once you are sure
kill -15 <PID>

日常维护

# Update formulae and upgrade everything
brew update && brew upgrade

# Reclaim disk space from old versions
brew cleanup --prune=all

# Check for problems before filing a bug
brew doctor